Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently gained popularity for a wide spectrum of\napplications. Monitoring tasks can be performed in various environments. This may be beneficial\nin many scenarios, but it certainly exhibits new challenges in terms of security due to increased\ndata transmission over the wireless channel with potentially unknown threats. Among possible\nsecurity issues are timing attacks, which are not prevented by traditional cryptographic security.\nMoreover, the limited energy and memory resources prohibit the use of complex security mechanisms\nin such systems. Therefore, balancing between security and the associated energy consumption\nbecomes a crucial challenge. This paper proposes a secure scheme for WSNs while maintaining the\nrequirement of the security-performance tradeoff. In order to proceed to a quantitative treatment of\nthis problem, a hybrid continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) and queueing model are put forward,\nand the tradeoff analysis of the security and performance attributes is carried out. By extending and\ntransforming this model, the mean time to security attributes failure is evaluated. Through tradeoff\nanalysis, we show that our scheme can enhance the security of WSNs, and the optimal rekeying rate\nof the performance and security tradeoff can be obtained.
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